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Getting Started Devices Gateways Integrations Reference
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Devices

    Overview
  • Adding Devices
  • ABP vs OTAA
  • Best Practices
  • Class B
  • Class C
  • Multicast
  • Downlink Queue Operations
  • Confirmed Downlinks Behavior
  • MAC Settings
  • ATECC608 Secure Elements
  • Device Claiming
  • Generating a QR Code
  • Generic Node Sensor Edition
  • The Things Node
  • The Things Uno
  • Troubleshooting Devices

Devices

This section contains information to help you work with end devices in The Things Stack. Here, you’ll find guides for adding devices, configuring MAC settings, best practices for designing devices, and much more.

Adding Devices

This section contains instructions for adding devices in The Things Stack.
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ABP vs OTAA

This section can help you understand the differences between ABP and OTAA activation modes for LoRaWAN end devices, and comprehend why using OTAA is recommended.
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Best Practices

This section contains best practices for building connected devices which use The Things Stack as a Network Server.
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Class B

Class B end devices listen for downlink messages during ping slots. This allows applications to send messages to devices at predefined time slots, rather than waiting for a Class A uplink. When combined with multicast groups, this allows applications to send periodic downlinks to many devices at the same time.
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Class C

Class C end devices continuously listen for downlink messages. This allows applications to send messages to devices at any time, instead of having to wait for a Class A uplink. When combined with multicast groups, this allows applications to send immediate downlinks to many devices at the same time. This guide shows how to enable or disable Class C for an and device, and how to work with multicast groups.
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Multicast

It is also possible to create a Class B or Class C multicast group to send downlink messages to a group of end devices. A multicast group is a virtual ABP device (i.e. shared session keys), does not support uplink, confirmed downlink nor MAC commands.
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Downlink Queue Operations

The Things Stack keeps a queue of downlink messages per device. Applications can keep pushing downlink messages or replace the queue with a list of downlink messages.
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Confirmed Downlinks Behavior

This section describes differences in behavior of class A, B and C devices when scheduling confirmed downlink messages.
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MAC Settings

This section provides guidelines for configuring MAC settings for end devices from the CLI.
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ATECC608 Secure Elements

The Things Industries and Microchip developed a security solution for LoRaWAN that enables secure key provisioning and secure cryptographic operations using secure elements.
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Device Claiming

Device claiming is a mechanism that securely transfers ownership from the device maker to the device owner without transferring LoRaWAN root keys. This section provides an overview to resources for device makers and device owners.
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Generating a QR Code

The Things Stack can generate QR codes for your devices, which can help you identify or claim those devices. This guide shows how to list QR code formats supported by The Things Stack and generate QR codes using the CLI.
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Generic Node Sensor Edition

This section will provide guidance on how to begin using Generic Node Sensor Edition (GNSE) on The Things Stack. The Generic Node Sensor Edition comes with a pre-loaded application called vanilla that showcases the device’s functions and capabilities. This application utilizes a combination of the onboard components including the LEDs, button, buzzer, accelerometer, secure element, temperature sensor, and humidity sensor. The instructions on how to flash a new application onto the Generic Node SE can be found here.
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The Things Node

The Things Node is based on the SparkFun Pro Micro - 3.3V/8Mhz with an added Microchip LoRaWAN module (RN2483 or RN2903). It features a temperature sensor, NXP’s digital accelerometer, light sensor, pushbutton, and RGB LED. All this is packaged in a matchbox-sized waterproof (IP54) casing with a 3 AAA battery compartment. The Things Node is compatible with the Arduino software (IDE). In this quickstart, you will learn how to register your Things Node with The Things Stack and program it with the Arduino software for activating with The Things Stack.
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The Things Uno

This section will help you get started with using The Things Uno on The Things Stack.
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Troubleshooting Devices

This section provides help for common issues and frequently asked questions you may have when adding devices.
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← Troubleshooting Getting Started Adding Devices →

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Last changed by Ben Olayinka on 16 Feb 2021.
doc: Add descriptions to root sections

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